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about chess game

Chess is a on board game for two players,each controlling an army of chess pieces in their color, with the objective to checkmate the opponent’s king. chaturanga in seventh century india .Today, chess is one of the world’s most popular games, played by millions of people worldwide.

It is played on a chessboard with 64 squares arranged in an 8×8 grid. At the start, each player controls sixteen pieces one king, one queen, two rooks, two bishops, two knights, and eight pawns. White moves first, followed by Black. The game is won by checkmating the opponent’s king, There are also several ways a game can end in a draw

Chess competition today is governed internationally by FIDE (the International Chess Federation). The first universally recognized World Chess Champion, Wilhelm Steinitz, claimed his title in 1886; Ding Liren is the current World Champion.

Chess Notation

many different notation systems have been used to record chess moves; the standard system today is short-form algebraic notation.[7] In this system, each square is uniquely identified by a set of coordinates, a–h for the files followed by 1–8 for the ranks. The usual format isinitial of the piece moved – file of destination square – rank of destination squareThe pieces are identified by their initials. In English, these are K (king), Q (queen), R (rook), B (bishop), and N (knight; N is used to avoid confusion with king). For example, Qg5 means “queen moves to the g-file, 5th rank” (that is, to the square g5). Different initials may be used for other languages. In chess literature, figurine algebraic notation (FAN) is frequently used to aid understanding independent of language.Square names in algebraic chess notation
To resolve ambiguities, an additional letter or number is added to indicate the file or rank from which the piece moved (e.g. Ngf3 means “knight from the g-file moves to the square f3”; R1e2 means “rook on the first rank moves to e2”). For pawns, no letter initial is used; so e4 means “pawn moves to the square e4”.If the piece makes a capture, “x” is usually inserted before the destination square. Thus Bxf3 means “bishop captures on f3”. When a pawn makes a capture, the file from which the pawn departed is used to identify the pawn making the capture, for example, exd5 (pawn on the e-file captures the piece on d5). Ranks may be omitted if unambiguous, for example, exd (pawn on the e-file captures a piece somewhere on the d-file). A minority of publications use “:” to indicate a capture, and some omit the capture symbol altogether. In its most abbreviated form, exd5 may be rendered simply as ed. An en passant capture may optionally be marked with the notation “e.p.”If a pawn moves to its last rank, achieving promotion, the piece chosen is indicated after the move (for example, e1=Q or e1Q). Castling is indicated by the special notations 0-0 (or O-O) for kingside castling and 0-0-0 (or O-O-O) for queenside castling. A move that places the opponent’s king in check usually has the notation “+” added. There are no specific notations for discovered check or double check. Checkmate can be indicated by “#”. At the end of the game, “1–0” means White won, “0–1” means Black won, and “½–½” indicates a draw.[1] Chess moves can be annotated with punctuation marks and other symbols. For example: “!” indicates a good move; “!!” an excellent move; “?” a mistake; “??” a blunder; “!?” an interesting move that may not be best; or “?!” a dubious move not easily refuted.